Coatings

Benefits

Increase in the microhardness 2~3 times

Decrease in the porosity of a coating layer

Improvement in coating quality

Increase in wear resistance : 2-12 times

Increase in elasticity

Improved corrosion resistance

Application

Additive in polymeric coatings

Precursors in CVD coatings

Thermal diffusion coatings

PVD Coatings

Electronic devices :
conductive circuit elements, via-hole filling for semiconductor integrated circuits, diffustion barriers, through-hole connections for printed wiring boards, and flexible circuits

Punches, dies, matrices and molds

Screws, check valves and sprues

Gears, shafts and pistons

Metal cutting tools

Bearings

Food processing equipment

Petrochemical processing equipment

Gun barrels

Medical implants

Composites

Benefits

Improved strength and elasticity

Wear resistance

Adhesive strength with metals

Thermal conductivity without compromise to other properties. Thermal conductivity increased 25-100% with 0.1wt% ND.

Increasing heat conductivity while retaining the absolute dielectric properties.

Can be used as radical trapping stabilizers in thermal processing of polymers.

Aging, radiation, scratch and corrosion resistance

Increase in refractive index in thin polymer films

Fluoroelastomer : nanodiamonds condense vulcanization network, minimize thermal wear, reduce the friction coefficient of films and increase durability in friction nodes by 25-40%

Rubbers : nanodiamonds increase the degree of vulcanization and cause 1.3-2-fold increase in cohesion strength

Polyurethanes : nanodiamonds lead to a threefold growth of strength and to 1.5-fold improvement of elasticity

Nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) : nanodiamonds considerably increase relative elongation at tear(up to 70%) and wear resistance (up to 40%), while reducing the friction coefficient by two-fold

Polyamide and fluoroplastic : nanodiamonds enable 1.5-3-fold increase in rupture strength, enhance attrition resistance and tearing strength by a factor of 2-3, as well as ensure 30-50% faster polymerization

Fluoroplastics and polyamides : ND enable 1.5-3-fold increase in rupture strength, enhance tearing strength by a factor of 2-3, as well as ensure 30-50% faster polymerization

Application

Fluoroelastomers

Rubbers

Polyurethanes

Polyamide and fluoroplastics

Coolants

Membranes

PEEK composites

Thermoplastic heat sinks

Silicone and epoxy thermal interface materials

Abrasion resistant resins

Electronics & semiconductors

Benefits

Surface roughness can be greatly reduced when NDs are used in the lapping of magnetic heads. NDs can significantly increase lapping endurance and reduce the friction effect.

High thermal resistance and high particle distributuon

Precise polishing in andstrom units is possible

Surface defects, crystal dislocations, and surface stress are low

UDD suspension is chemically stable, so chemically active additives can be used

No toxicity to liquids, pastes and powders

Thickness of the layer removed from the surface is

Application

Thermal paste for heat management(heat dissipation)

Nanoabrasives in polishing pads for CMP

Insulation materials

CVD seeding

Thermoplastic heat sinks

Cryptography

Quantum computing

Energy

Benefits

High themal conductivity.

Application

Hydrogen accumulators

Electrodes

High voltage, high energy density, high temperature capacitors

High efficiency catalysts

Battery additives

Biomedicine

Benefits

Inherent photoluminescence.

Chemical stability

Large specific surface area and high adsorption potential

Optical and physical properties can be turned.

Photostable.

Biocompatibility

Inherently low cytotoxicity and genotoxicity

Rapid transmembrane transport.

High drug loading capacity based on high surcace to volume ratio.

THe presence of nitrogen vacancy (NV) centres in nanodiamonds results in the absorption of the visible spectra and meission in red at room temperature with great temporal stability and almost no photobleaching. A single nanodiamond crystal can produce luminescence brighter than standard fluorescent protien.

Application

Drug and gene delivery

Cancer therapy

MRI contrast agents/biomarkers.

Cell imaging

Protein separation and purification

Filler material for implants

Anti-virals and anti-bacterials